There are significant differences in the performance of metals and engineering plastics in numerical control machining. Metal materials, due to their high strength and wear resistance, are suitable for manufacturing mechanical parts that bear high loads, such as automotive, aviation and heavy machinery components. However, during the processing, the cutting tools wear out quickly, the processing difficulty is relatively high, and the processing cost is relatively high. In contrast, engineering plastics are lightweight, corrosion-resistant, have excellent chemical resistance, and possess good electrical insulation properties. They are flexible in processing and suitable for non-load-bearing structural components, electronic product casings, and precision instrument parts. Moreover, they feature fast processing speed and low cost.
In terms of material selection, a comprehensive consideration should be made based on the specific product's usage environment, mechanical performance requirements, and cost budget. For components that require high strength and high wear resistance, metals remain the first choice. For applications such as weight reduction, anti-corrosion, and those with special requirements for electrical insulation, engineering plastics perform even better. In addition, the process parameters of numerical control machining, such as cutting speed, feed rate and tool selection, should also be optimized according to the material properties to improve the processing efficiency and part quality.
Reasonable material selection not only helps to improve processing efficiency and product performance, but also effectively reduces production costs and enhances the market competitiveness of products. With the development of manufacturing technology, the trend of composite application of metals and engineering plastics is obvious, bringing more innovative possibilities to the industry. Manufacturing enterprises should closely monitor the performance differences of materials, formulate scientific and reasonable material selection strategies in combination with the characteristics of their own products, and promote the continuous progress of numerical control processing technology and industrial upgrading.
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